Serum chemistry profile showed mild azotemia (creatinine, 2.2 mg/dL reference range, 0.3-2.1 mg/dL), with a urine specific gravity of 1.040, suggesting prerenal azotemia, although laboratory work should be repeated once Annie is clinically normal to ensure that creatinine returned to normal as well. 1Īnnie’s owners elected to perform the recommended baseline diagnostics. 1 PCR testing for common primary pathogens can also be difficult to interpret, as most of these organisms can be isolated from both healthy and sick cats.
Nasal cytology and culture are not recommended in the acute phase of the disease due to the high chances of growth of a nonpathogenic commensal organism. 1ĭiagnostics in a patient with signs of URTD are focused on determining if there is an underlying disease process other than viral rhinitis (eg, pneumonia, other systemic diseases). If fever, lethargy, and/or anorexia begin during the observation period, empiric antibiotic therapy should then be considered. 1,2 Symptomatic treatment targeted at managing inflammation and maintaining appetite should be the primary treatment for cases of acute URTD. 1 In cases in which a cat is presented with mucopurulent nasal discharge but maintains normal appetite and attitude, a 10-day observation period is recommended before considering antibiotic therapy.
1 Some bacteria, including Mycoplasma spp, Chlamydia felis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, and some Streptococcus spp, are the primary pathogens involved in cases of bacterial URTD. The remainder of the physical examination was unremarkable.Īlthough viral rhinitis caused by infection with feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) or feline calicivirus (FCV) is the most common cause of infectious URTD empiric antibiotic therapy is recommended if a cat shows signs of fever, lethargy, and/or anorexia, along with mucopurulent nasal discharge. When the laryngeal area was auscultated, rattling was heard, suggesting turbulent airflow. On auscultation, referred upper respiratory sounds were present, and a wheeze was occasionally heard at peak inspiration. Upper respiratory congestion was audible, with decreased airflow bilaterally based on a glass slide fog test. Serous ocular discharge and evidence of mucopurulent discharge around the nares were observed. Temperature, pulse, and respiratory rate were within normal limits. On physical examination, Annie appeared to be over-conditioned at 12.6 lb (5.7 kg), with a BCS of 7/9.
Annie lived with 1 other cat that was clinically normal both were indoor-only but did have access to a screened-in patio. Although she had shown some interest in food, she would swallow, then gag when presented with food. Her owners reported several days of upper respiratory congestion, which seemed to worsen at night, and that her appetite had decreased. Annie, an 8-year-old female spayed domestic longhair cat, was presented to her veterinarian because she appeared to be struggling to breathe.
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